‘Greek’ Frets or Keys are a common form of decoration in the ancient world and became popular in neo-classical architecture here. Usually a simple arrangement of lines enclosing space called meanders after the Meander River in modern day Turkey. Keys are thought to be representations of the sea and labyrinths. They certainly appeal to the human need for order, pattern and ornament.
The baths has three such ornaments built into its fabric.
The first sets are used in the 1875 Extension, one of the first things you see on approaching the club, a key forms the base to the Corinthian columns of the entrance way.
A combination of T and U shapes with bars. They are composed of the following elements
Generator pattern:
Repeated generator units with horizontal bars added:
The meander is less thick than the generator in the stonework:
In the Turkish Suite’s Warm Room one is used as a border for the central fountain, executed in blue and white Minton tiles.
Here is the T shaped generator:
Again repeated generator units with horizontal bars added:
Particular skill is used in turning the key around the eight corners of the fountain.
The third key was began in 1893 on the Andrew Myles extension and continues across the 1902 Benjamin Connor extension. Used to frame the windows and bring unity to the façade.
Who were the stonemasons and tilers responsible for our keys? Until we can find out more about the 1875 extension that will remain a mystery.
Looking around the city very similar patterns can be seen
Sources:
- Jones, Owen The Grammar of Ornament
- Meander River
- Greek Keys
Arlington Baths Club History Group 